The production process of silicon-based ferrosilicon is a metallurgical technology with a submerged arc reduction furnace as the core equipment. This process utilizes a carbonaceous reducing agent to reduce silicon dioxide at high temperatures, producing iron silicide. The main raw materials include silicon dioxide (SiO₂ > 97%), a carbonaceous reducing agent (metallurgical coke/petroleum coke, etc.), and iron raw materials (scrap steel/iron ore). The process reduces silicon dioxide to silicon monoxide and silicon carbide intermediates through carbon reduction, ultimately producing iron silicide. The silicon content is adjusted by controlling the proportion of iron raw materials.
During production, it is necessary to control the electrode insertion depth, furnace condition monitoring indicators, and tapping cycle. High-purity ferrosilicon requires ladle refining to reduce impurities. Refining methods include slag refining, oxygen refining, and the outdated chlorine volatilization method. Modern processes reduce carbon emissions through renewable carbon source substitution, renewable electricity conversion, and carbon capture technology. Some companies possess the capability for customized production and process optimization guidance. Pilot production of specialty ferrosilicon requires adjusting experimental conditions to determine process parameters and establishing smelting methods for removing impurities.
The production process of ferrosilicon is as follows: Chlorine and oxygen are introduced into molten ferrosilicon to remove impurities as much as possible. The present invention specifies that the ratio of chlorine to oxygen introduced is: Cl↓[2]∶O↓[2]=100∶3－200, the total amount of chlorine and oxygen introduced per ton of molten ferrosilicon is 10～65 kg, and the gas introduction time is 60～180 minutes. The micro-carbon ferrosilicon produced by this process can be used to smelt high-grade non-oriented silicon steel.
